Strabismus
(Eye Turn or Crossed Eyes)

Normally, our two eyes work together to provide a single, clear view of the world. This is known as binocular vision. 

However, in strabismus, the eyes are misaligned, and one or both eyes do not work together properly.
Strabismus, also known as an eye turn or crossed eyes, occurs when the eyes are not aligned and point in different directions. This results in the brain receiving two different images, leading to double vision or impaired depth perception.

Strabismus can be caused by:

  • Weak or imbalanced eye muscles
  • Issues in how the brain controls the eye muscles
  • Genetic factors or developmental delays
  • Refractive errors (such as short-sightedness, long-sightedness or astigmatism)
  • Vision problems in one eye

What Happens to the Brain with Strabismus?

When strabismus occurs, the brain receives two conflicting images—one from each eye. To prevent double vision, the brain suppresses the image from the misaligned eye, favouring the image from the better-aligned eye. Over time, this suppression can lead to amblyopia (lazy eye) in the affected eye, as the brain chooses not to use that eye for vision.

Signs and Symptoms of Strabismus Include

  • One eye that turns inwards or outwards
  • Frequent squinting or tilting of the head to see better
  • Complaints of seeing double
  • Closing or covering one eye to avoid double vision
  • Poor depth perception

Why Should Parents Be Concerned?

If left untreated, strabismus can lead to permanent vision problems, including amblyopia (lazy eye) and impaired depth perception. Although surgery may straighten the eye structurally, it may not always address the underlying functional issue—how the brain processes visual input from the eyes.

Children with strabismus may struggle with depth perception and 3D vision, which can affect their ability to engage in activities like sports, driving, or understanding spatial relationships.

What You Can Do?

  • Monitor for signs such as eye covering, squinting, or complaints of blurry vision.
  • Schedule regular eye exams as children’s vision changes rapidly, and early detection is key.

  • Encourage your child to practice visual skills through activities that promote eye coordination.

  • Follow the recommendations from your eye care professional to ensure the best treatment outcomes.

  • Download our guide to learn more about amblyopia and how to help your child.

If you suspect your child may have an eye turn (strabismus), schedule a comprehensive eye test with our optometrists at Eyecare Kids, who have a special interest in children’s vision. Early detection is crucial to prevent long-term vision problems. We can help by monitoring for signs and ensuring regular eye exams are part of your child’s health routine.

Danny