This is the ability to recognise written symbols as a spoken word and, hence, is a necessary skill for learning letters and words.

The visual and auditory systems work separately and in combination with each other and with the other sensory systems to inform and guide the body’s internal and external actions.

The visual and auditory sensory systems each provide the body access to unique forms of stimulus input. However, they also work together to coordinate “seeing-hearing” information and with each of the other sensory systems to inform and prioritize input for the central nervous system to guide and direct action in response to ever-changing conditions.

When visual and auditory skills integrate well, the result is improved reflex function which in turn can improve behavioural and emotional regulation and enhance learning.